Social structure and relations in fourteenth century Byzantium
Abstract
Byzantine society was highly stratified in the fourteenth century. The main division was understood as the one between rich and poor or the archontes and the demos, a division which represented both inequalities in the social status of an individual and in the distribution of material wealth and political power. Elements outside this binary division, such as the middle class, were present in Byzantine society of course, yet they could not be introduced into this ideal schema. Social inequality would be expressed through a number of gestures and the exhibition of deference towards a social superior, who in turn showed his snobbery. Moreover, there existed in Byzantine society social networks and communities of different types. The most important type of social network was undoubtedly the patronage system of social relations, which dominated Byzantine society and seriously hindered the development and self-conciousnesss of other horizontal social groups-communities, including the class. ...
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