Abstract
The thesis aims to study the educational function of one of the progymnasmata, the chreia, emphasizing the practice of this exercise mainly in the rhetorical schools. The constructive method was followed, namely the analysis and the interpretation of the content of the written sources, their basic ideas and their information. The thesis is divided in six chapters. The first summarizes the history of the progymnasmata, their typology and the expessive means of the exercise of the chreia. The 2nd chapter refers to the specific educational dimensions of the progymnasmata, such as the role of the teachers and their methodology, the origins of the content of the progymasmata and their main topics. The 3rd chapter emphasizes the functional role of the chreia in the three levels of education. The analysis of the content of school books from Egypt (2nd - 4th cent. A.D) reveals the function of the chreia in primary and secondary education. Chriae, as well as maxims and certain verses of the h ...
The thesis aims to study the educational function of one of the progymnasmata, the chreia, emphasizing the practice of this exercise mainly in the rhetorical schools. The constructive method was followed, namely the analysis and the interpretation of the content of the written sources, their basic ideas and their information. The thesis is divided in six chapters. The first summarizes the history of the progymnasmata, their typology and the expessive means of the exercise of the chreia. The 2nd chapter refers to the specific educational dimensions of the progymnasmata, such as the role of the teachers and their methodology, the origins of the content of the progymasmata and their main topics. The 3rd chapter emphasizes the functional role of the chreia in the three levels of education. The analysis of the content of school books from Egypt (2nd - 4th cent. A.D) reveals the function of the chreia in primary and secondary education. Chriae, as well as maxims and certain verses of the homeric poems and the tragic poetry, were the first texts which aimed at the improvement of writing and reading. The elaboration of the chreia was the basic pattern on which the students were based to develop the first coherent text with introduction, main part and epilogue. This structure was impoved by Aphtonius (5th c. A.D.) and formed the pattern of text analysis for the rhetorical schools from Byzantium till the 18th century. The 4th chapter contains the commentary and the contrastive analysis of the remaining rhetorical books about the role of the chreia. The texts of rhetoric teachers from 2nd to 6th c. A.D. (Theon, Cointilianus, Hermogenes, Aphtonius, Nikolaos, John of Sardis) were used as sourses. The 5th chapter researches the function of the chriae in the philosophical biography of Diogenes Laertius (3rd c. A.D.) Chriae in Diogenes Laertius emphasize the character and the mentality of the main philosophers, present their basic ideas and have an guiding role providing people with practical philosophy in their daily life. In the 6th chapter the influence of the progymnasmata and the chreia in the modern education are shown. Researching the school books and the curricula of the lesson of essay writing in the Greek schools, mainly from 1874 to the first decades of the 20th century, we can find similarities with the progymnasmata as far as the methodology, the content and the pursuing aims are concerned. The methological procedure and the content of the exercises can be compared to equivalents of the grammatistes and teachers of rhetoric. In the same chapter, modern methods of creative restoration and modern adaptation of the progymnasmata methodology are described. Academic articles and successful teaching applications from the 80’s in American schools and universities are presented. The aim of these exercises is to enable the students to understand the way of composing a persuasive text using the methodology of progymnasmata. In conclusion, the chriae were not only short comical or advisory texts with a parenthetical function. The present thesis shows their multifarious role in the education and the ancient literature. The thesis may function as a motivation for more investigation of other dimensions of the chriae (philosophical, humorous, theatrical, moral, doxographical, modern adaptation in the education etc.). The dissertation is completed with an extensive index which contains: a) the original text and its translation in Modern Greek of the chapters of chreia in the Progymnasmata b) text and translation of one of the examples of the chreia elaboration in Libanius and c) record and translation of the 564 chriae found in the books of Diogenes Laertius d) summary in English.
show more