BYZANTINE "HOLYWAR". THE FORMATION OF THE IDEA OF "HOLY WAR" IN BYZANTIUM
Abstract
IT IS INVESTIGATED WHETHER SOME OF THE BYZANTINE WARS CAN BE CHARACTERIZED AS "HOLY WARS". THE IDEOLOGY AND THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TWO KINDS OF WARS,WHICH ARE COMMONLY RECOGNIZED AS HOLY WARS, (THE CRUSADES AND DJIHAD) ARE EXAMINED AT FIRST. THEN FOLLOWS A DIACHRONIC STUDY (FROM THE 4TH CENTURY TO 1204) OF WARS OF BYZANTIUM. IT IS INVESTIGATED IF AT THE PROCLAMATION OF SOME OF THE WARS AGAINST NON CHRISTIANS AND DURING THEM THERE WAS A PROVOCATION OF A SPECIALEXALTATION OF THE RELIGIOUS ELEMENT, WHICH AIMED AT THE ANIMATION OF THE ARMY,AND PERHAPS OF THE NONCOMBATANT POPULATION. THE STUDY ALLOWING TO CONCLUDE THAT THERE IS SUELIAN EXALTATION (MAINLY AT THE END OF 6TH- FIRST DECADES OF THE 7TH CENTURY AND DURING THE 10TH CENTURY . THE FOLLOWING COMPARISON BETWEEN THE IDEOLOGY AND THE METHODS USED BY CRUSADES AND DJIHAD AND THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BYZANTINE WARS LED TO THE CONCLUSION THAT THERE IS ALSO IN BYZANTIUM AKIND OF "HOLY WAR" WITH ITS OWN SPECIAL IDENTITY, AN ID ...
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