Συμβολή στην επίλυση οδοντοϊατροδικαστικών προβλημάτων

Abstract

The measured mean width were: maxillary first incisor (11) 8.469 mm, maxillary second incisor (12) 6.397 mm, maxillary canine (13) 7.554 mm, mandibular second incisor (42) 5.888 mm and mandibular canine (43). The width of maxillary first incisor (11), maxillary second incisor (12) maxillary canine (13) and mandibular canine (43) vary in different provinces of Greece, but not that of the Mandibular Second Incisor (42). There is no correlation of these teeth (11, 12, 13 42, 43) and age. There is a strong correlation between body height and canines (13,43), i.e., the wider the canine, the taller the individual. Aplastic teeth were evident in 9.6% and supernumerary teeth in 1.3% of the sample. Dental aplasia percentages do not differ according to gender and do not correlate with age or body height. Fusion of the roots was evident in left second mandibular molar (37) in 21.5%, right second mandibular molar (47) in 21.7%, in both (37+47) 17.7% and in either (37 or 47) 7.2%. No fusion of the roots in 75.1%. Fusion of the roots in left (37) or right (47) second mandibular molars cannot not be differentiated according to gender. However, fusion of both roots (47 & 37) is much more frequent in women (72.2%) than in men (27.3%). Fusion of the roots in the left (37) second mandibular molar is not age dependant; albeit these individuals, compared with the rest of the group, who are free of fusion, have higher body height. Individuals free of root fusion of right second mandibular molar (47) have higher body height, when compared with the members of their group with fusion (average 169.9 cm as opposed to 167.26 cm). Those with fusion of both second mandibular molars (47 & 37) have statistically lower body height, as is evident when compared with the rest of the group with no fusion. Right second mandibular molar (47) fusion is independent of age. Eruption through the mucous membrane of the gingiva of the right maxillar third molar (18) was complete in 71.1% of the sample; eruption through the alveolus 7.0%, and unerupted but seen in the maxilla, 21.9%. Eruption through the mucous membrane of the gingiva of the left maxillar third molar (28) was complete in 75.5% of the sample; eruption through the alveolus 5.9%, and unerupted but seen in the maxillar 18.6%. Eruption through the mucous membrane of the gingiva of the left mandibular third molar (38) was complete in 75.4% of the sample; eruption through the alveolus 11.6%, and unerupted but seen in the mandible 13.0%. Eruption through the mucous membrane of the gingiva of the right mandibular third molar (48) was complete in 79.1% of the sample; eruption through the alveolus 10.9%, and unerupted but seen in the mandible 10.0%. Complete development of the molar roots was evident in 95.0% of patients, whereas in 5.0% of the group development was defective. The eruption of right maxillary third molar (18), left maxillary third molar (28), left mandibular third molar (38) and right mandibular third molar (48) cannot not be differentiated according to gender. Eruption of right maxillary third molar (18) and left maxillary third molar (28) is different with age but not with body height. Eruption through the mucous membrane of the gingiva is seen in older patients rather than those whose molars erupted through the alveolus or those whose molars are unerupted but seen in the maxilla. Eruption of the left mandibular third molar (38) is age dependant but independent of body height. Multiple comparisons between age and body height in left mandibular third molar (38); and right mandibular third molar (48) revealed that eruption through the mucous membrane of the gingiva is completed in older patients rather than those whose molars have erupted through the alveolus, or those whose molars are unerupted but seen in the mandible. Eruption of the right mandibular third molar (48) through the mucous membrane of the gingiva is seen in older patients rather than those whose molars erupted through the alveolus.

Στην παρούσα μελέτη αναφέρονται μετρήσεις και παρατηρήσεις, κλινικές και ακτινογραφικές, για τα μετρικά στοιχεία του Άνω Κεντρικού Τομέως (11), Άνω Πλαγίου Τομέως (12), του Άνω Κυνόδοντα (13), του Κάτω Πλαγίου (42) και του Κάτω Κυνόδοντα (43). Διερευνήθηκε η απλασία των οδόντων, η ύπαρξη υπεράριθμων η συνένωση των ριζών των κάτω δευτέρων γομφίων (37,47), η ανατολή της μύλης δια του βλεννογόνου ή δια του φατνίου των τρίτων γομφίων (18, 28, 48, 38) και η πλήρης διάπλαση ή μη των ριζών των. Περιέλαβε 312 άτομα, ηλικίας 17 έως 65 ετών, γηγενής ελληνικός πληθυσμός. Έγινε στατιστική ανάλυση και τα ευρήματα συσχετίσθηκαν με τους τόπους καταγωγής, την ηλικία, το φύλο και το ανάστημα Ο Μέσος Όρος του εύρους ήταν: του (11) 8.469, του (12) 6.397 mm, του (13) 7.554 mm, του (42) 5.888 mm και του (43) 6.580 mm. Οι άνδρες έχουν μεγαλύτερο εύρος από τις γυναίκες. Ο 12 και ο 42 δεν παρουσιάζουν σημαντική διαφορά .Όσο αυξάνει το εύρος του 13 και 43 αυξάνει το ανάστημα. Οι κάτοικοι της κεντρικής Ελλάδας έχουν μεγαλύτερο εύρος από της Β. Ελλάδος και της Πελοποννήσου. Απλασίες διεπιστώθησαν σε ποσοστό 9.6% και υπεράριθμοι οδόντες σε 1.3%. Η συνένωση των ριζών διαπιστώθηκε των 47 και 37: αμφοτέρων 17.7 %, του ενός από τους δύο 7.2 %. Καμία συνένωση στο 75.1%. Οι γυναίκες εμφανίζουν συνένωση των ριζών 72.2% έναντι 27.3% των ανδρών. Επίσης η συνένωση έχει σχέση με το ανάστημα. Τα άτομα στα οποία δεν υπάρχει συνένωση έχουν μεγαλύτερο ανάστημα Η ανατολή της μύλης των 18,28,38,48 είχε συντελεσθεί αντιστοίχως, δια του βλεννογόνου σε ποσοστό 71.1%, 75.5%, 75.4%, 79.1%, δια του φατνίου 7.0%, 5.9%,11.6%,10.9%. Παρέμεναν εντός του φατνίου 21.9%,18.6%,13%,10.0%. Τα ευρήματα αυτά συμβάλουν στην επίλυση προβλημάτων για την ταυτοποίηση ατόμου ή υπολειμμάτων οδοντοϊατροδικαστικώς.