Particle acceleration using a high intensity laser facility and the role of gas dynamics
Abstract
Particle acceleration can be achieved by the use of high-power, ultra-short laser pulses. When such a pulse is focused in a gaseous target under high vacuum conditions, electrons are accelerated in the MeV range at the laser propagation direction. The acceleration is based on a mechanism known as Laser WakeField Acceleration (LWFA). Simultaneously electrons oscillate in the wakefield and emit x-ray photons. This radiation is known as Betatron and is also directional. The gas profile plays a very important role in both LWFA and Betatron mechanisms. In this dissertation new nozzles have been designed, to guide the gas flow during the experiment. Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations the nozzles were then constructed via 3D printing. Their performance was evaluated via interferometry and afterwards, some of them were used for particle acceleration experiments.
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