Contingency and necessity in structuralism and poststructuralism: the case of Althusser and Foucault
Abstract
This paper tries to deal with the concepts of contingency and necessity in the theoretical work of two great philosophers of the 20th century, Althusser and Foucault. Our analysis is done in the light of basic categories of dialectical materialism, particularly these of essence, but also of the ascent from the abstract to the concrete, as outlined in the work of Soviet philosophers, especially Ilyenkov, but also Vaziulin, Septulin, Rosenthal, Volosinov and others. The essence in the context of this perspective is an internal relation, which has a greater degree of stability than the phenomena that can be reduced to it. Both the phenomena and the substance are processes, essence is not an eternal substance and is not in a greater ontological depth than the phenomena. Our analysis seeks to investigate whether and to what extent Althusser and Foucault proceed in a subordination of necessity to contingency, in the various phases of their theoretical production. More specifically, if and ho ...
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