Abstract
Flow control constitutes the utmost objective of fluid dynamics. In a multitude of techniques used for regulating the flow parameters and characteristics, moving solid parts are involved, either rigid or deformable. The computation of this kind of flows by means of the classical body fitted methods, demands the regeneration of the computational mesh for every new step in the discretized time domain. On the contrary, immersed boundary methods achieve integration of flow equations in time, even for time varying fluid domain geometry, using invariant underlying grid throughout the computation. In the structured grid setting, the class of geometrical domains in which a curvilinear grid can be fitted, strictly includes and is overwhelmingly larger of the class of domainsdiscretizable by Cartesian grids. The adaptation of the underlying mesh to the steady part of the boundary of the fluid domain is a desired feature as it enables the direct imposition of the boundary conditions. Thus, leads ...
Flow control constitutes the utmost objective of fluid dynamics. In a multitude of techniques used for regulating the flow parameters and characteristics, moving solid parts are involved, either rigid or deformable. The computation of this kind of flows by means of the classical body fitted methods, demands the regeneration of the computational mesh for every new step in the discretized time domain. On the contrary, immersed boundary methods achieve integration of flow equations in time, even for time varying fluid domain geometry, using invariant underlying grid throughout the computation. In the structured grid setting, the class of geometrical domains in which a curvilinear grid can be fitted, strictly includes and is overwhelmingly larger of the class of domainsdiscretizable by Cartesian grids. The adaptation of the underlying mesh to the steady part of the boundary of the fluid domain is a desired feature as it enables the direct imposition of the boundary conditions. Thus, leads to reduced complexity and increased accuracy for immersed boundary methods that implement approximation schemes on the immersed surfaces. In the present dissertation, a structured curvilinear immersed boundary method, extended with fluid-structure interaction features for deformable solid bodies, is employed for the analysis of flow control with several techniques: • Steady and unsteady separated flow by interaction with actively and passively moving surfaces • Peristaltic motion of generalized Newtonian fluids • Oscillating membrane pulsatile flow. The investigation is oriented in the direction of the questions:• How the streamwise length of the detached flow can be reduced by a moving portion of the surface over which the boundary layer is separated? • How eicient is the control of the recirculation by a passive membrane? • What is the effect of the speed, the amplitude and the modality of the peristaltic wave in transport eiciency?• How do shear thinning fluids behave under peristalsis in comparison with Newtonian fluids? • How does the membrane’s oscillation amplitude affect the outlet pressure of a balloon pump? • On which factors does the angle shift between the waves of balloon volume change rate and outflow pressure depend?The immersed boundary method (IBM) used, is recommended as adequate for the simulation of the flow manipulation methods studied, as shown by the agreement of its output with existing results by body fitted algorithms. Extended for generalized Newtonian fluids, the IBM estimations show high grade of coincidence with that of classical methods. The elastic membrane is introduced for the control of the confined detached flow and the fluid-structure interaction of the steady and the unsteady flow with the passive means is analyzed. Parametric investigation of the number of replicas of the wave of contraction for straight peristaltic pumps, highlights the advantages of the multi-cylinder setting. Many fluids of interest, such as blood, are non-Newtonian. Shear thinning behavior impact in the peristaltic pumping characteristics is also pointed out. Pressure performance and the time varying flow field is illustrated for balloon pumping in a straight artery.
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