Abstract
The ottoman presence in the present-day Greece began from the second half of the 14th c. and until the end of the 14th c. the Ottomans conquered almost all North of Greece namely the cities of Thrace, Macedonia and Thessaly. During the next century i.e. the 15th c. almost all the lands of Greece were dominated by the Ottomans. During the ottoman domination of Greece the Ottomans built an immense number of religious, welfare and public establishments. The dissertation aims to detect the byzantine influences on the ottoman architecture of Greece. This kind of comparative studies enriches the understanding of both cultures and promotes the communication between them. I selected this subject in order to show better the continuity of art and architecture practices sponsored by two different patrons with different religions, aiming to investigate the origins of the ottoman architecture in its formation stage. The research is presented through preface, introduction, three introductive topics ...
The ottoman presence in the present-day Greece began from the second half of the 14th c. and until the end of the 14th c. the Ottomans conquered almost all North of Greece namely the cities of Thrace, Macedonia and Thessaly. During the next century i.e. the 15th c. almost all the lands of Greece were dominated by the Ottomans. During the ottoman domination of Greece the Ottomans built an immense number of religious, welfare and public establishments. The dissertation aims to detect the byzantine influences on the ottoman architecture of Greece. This kind of comparative studies enriches the understanding of both cultures and promotes the communication between them. I selected this subject in order to show better the continuity of art and architecture practices sponsored by two different patrons with different religions, aiming to investigate the origins of the ottoman architecture in its formation stage. The research is presented through preface, introduction, three introductive topics, the catalogue of the 15 selected ottoman monuments, four chapters which discuss the main items of the research, bibliography and tables. The descriptive study includes 15 selected ottoman monuments of the study in chronological order, to facilitate the understanding of the character of the ottoman architecture in general and of the ottoman mosque in Greece above all. The analytical study of the dissertation "The Byzantine influences on the Early Ottoman architecture in Greece", which, in the light of the descriptive study of the ottoman monuments in Greece, draws the conclusions of the research through four main chapters: a) Chapter I discusses the site of the ottoman monuments in relation to the pre-existing byzantine monuments through eight main points : the Ottoman construction activities using the pre-existing towns in Greece, the Ottoman construction activities after capturing a region of the Byzantine State, the categories of the construction activities of the Ottomans in Greece, selecting the sites of the Ottomans' foundations, the use of the existing buildings of Byzantine towns, reuse of an existing building with (or without) limited alterations or additions, reuse of the existing site of a ruined building (location) and the impact of the reuse of the older sites. b) In Chapter II the materials and the building techniques of the ottoman monuments in Greece are discussed, showing the continuity of the byzantine practices in the light of the following points : the ottoman monuments in Greece and their building materials (structural and secondary), and the building techniques which comprise the construction of foundations and walls, the formation of the facades as well as the surface ornamentation. c) Chapter III deals with the plan and the architectural elements of the ottoman mosques in Greece showing the byzantine influences. We propose a new typology of the ottoman mosques in Greece which suggest eight types: The Single-unit Mosque, the Single-unit Mosque with side rooms, the Single-unit Mosque with articulated interior, the Eywan mosque, the quatrefoil plan, the courtyard mosque, the multi- domed mosque and the octagonal mosque. Furthermore the portico "rewaq" and the transition systems are discussed. The discussion shows the byzantine influence on the transition system and on the plan including the use of the pendentives, the use of the half-dome and the influence of the "cross-in-square or Quincunx" byzantine plan. In the same chapter which deals with the architectural elements of the ottoman mosques in Greece, domes, arches, mihrabs, columns and windows are included, which reflect similarities with the byzantine architecture. d) Chapter IV is a conclusion showing that the byzantine architecture constitutes one of the fundamental origins of the ottoman architecture. This presentation discusses the relationship between the Byzantine and the Islamic civilization through their history, showing the impact of this contact especially on the Islamic architecture. The dissertation concludes that the byzantine architecture forms one of the basic origins of the Ottoman architecture of Greece. And certify that the byzantine practices continued in the Ottoman architecture with the byzantine craftsmen
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