Functional and biological role of the sequence Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) in thrombin molecule
Abstract
Thrombin is a serine protease that displays a dual role in haemostasis as a procoagulant and anticoagulant. The activity of thrombin is directed allosterically by Νa+. Thrombin also regulates events independent of clotting by activating PARs. It was recently proposed that many biological responses of thrombin might contribute to activation of angiogenesis by thrombin. In this study, we demonstrated that the - active site independent - ability of thrombin to function as a substrate for endothelial cells, depends on the RGD sequence within thrombin. We provided evidence that the RGD sequence, which is known to be buried inside the molecule when thrombin is in solution, becomes exposed upon thrombin immobilization on a solid support and therefore available for interactions with integrins. The drastic changes in the conformation of the enzyme that render the RGD sequence functional may occur in vivo when thrombin is trapped within clots or immobilized in the extracellular matrix providing ...
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