Contribution to the study of the effect of progesterone and oestradiol - 17b on the function of the posterior oesophageal sphincter and on the occurence of gastrooesophageal reflux during general anaesthesia in the dog
Abstract
It is generally accepted nowadays that a dysfunction of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) i.e. a reduction of its resting pressure, occurs in pregnant women, resulting in an increased frequency of gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) and heartburn. Progesterone or the combined action of progesterone and oestrogens are considered responsible for this change in the function of the smooth muscle of the LOS. The increase in intra-abdominal pressure, due to the increase of the size of the gravid uterus, is recognized only as an additional aggravating factor. Concerning the dog, according to the literature, the majority of animals that developed benign strictures of the oesophagus after surgery, were female and had undergone obstetrical surgery. Τhe high levels of female sex steroid hormones, progesterone in particular, observed in the blood of animals that are submitted to obstetrical surgery during the course of certain stages of the ovarian cycle, could predispose to the occurrence of GOR ...
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