Adipokines and enteral peptides of neurohormonal regulation of appetite in treatment of thyroid function
Abstract
The endocrine function of adipose tissue has recently been recognized by giving it an important broad-spectrum role in metabolic regulation and normal homeostasis. White adipose tissue secreted products, referred as "adipokines," include classical cytokines, such as TNF-a factor and interleukin 6 (IL-6), TGF-b factor, proteins which are involved in vascular homeostasis such as PAI-1, blood pressure regulation (angiotensinogen), food uptake (leptin), homeostasis of glucose (such as RBP4 and adiponectin) and many other molecules (adipine, metallothionein, resistin, VEGF factor).The adiponectin, a hormone that may appear in trimeric, hexameric or spherical form, binds to the AdipoR1 and R2 receptors and activates the signal transduction pathways (e.g., AMPK). The adiponectin levels are inversely related to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The effects of adiponectin include the protection of myocardial cells from ischemia and anti-inflammatory properties. Adiponectin may still be th ...
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